In order to help overcome the challenges faced by returnees, UNHCR, in conjunction with the Ministry of Refugees and Repatriations (MoRR) and the United Nations Development Programme (UNDP), initiated the Voluntary Return and Reintegration Programmes (VRRP) with the aim of improving standards of living and ensuring sustainable socio-economic reintegration, peaceful coexistence and development in 48 High Return Areas (HRAs) throughout Afghanistan. To this end, UNHCR appointed the United Nations Office for Project Services (UNOPS) to conduct baseline and follow-up surveys.